体细胞胚发生是植物界的一个普遍现象，具有广阔的应用前景和巨大的潜在经济价值。近几年来，对植物体细胞胚胎发生的研究取得了较大的进展，但同时也存在着一系列的问题有待于进一步解决。根据近几年来的相关研究报道，本文综述了影响体细胞胚发生和发育的外部条件，如植物激素、光质、碳源、活性炭、渗透压、培养条件等；内部因素如基因型、生理状态。以期为植物体细胞胚诱导提供一定参考价值。

Plant somatic embryogenesis is a common phenomenon and has wide application prospects and potential economic value. Great progress has been made in plant somatic embryogenesis recently, but many problems are still unsolved. Based on the related reports and literature of recent years, the research results on factors affecting of plant somatic embryogenesis were summarized. It is including outer factors, such as plant hormones, light quality, carbon source, osmotic pressure and culture conditions; interior factors, such as genotype and physiological state. This can provide references for the researches on somatic embryo induction.