为探讨四川省马铃薯地方品种与栽培品种间遗传关系，评价其在遗传研究与育种利用价值，指导杂交亲本选配，对21份地方品种和10个栽培品种进行了RAPD分析。选取8份差异较大的材料对170条RAPD引物进行筛选，获得20条多态性高、条带清晰、稳定的RAPD引物。20条RAPD引物共扩增出191个位点，其中多态性位点172个；平均多态性位点比率90.1%，平均多态性信息量(PIC)为0.822；栽培品种、地方品种平均PIC分别为0.823和0.814。遗传距离与聚类分析表明：31份材料间平均遗传距离0.4274，变幅为0.1481~0.5852，地方品种间平均遗传距离和变幅均高于栽培品种间，地方品种与栽培品种间平均遗传距离为0.4496；表明地方品种中可能存在更广泛的遗传变异，具有较高的育种利用价值。大部分地方品种出乎意料与栽培品种聚在不同的类中，与供试栽培品种间亲缘关系较远，可能具有较高的杂交组配潜力；而N5-33、N5-38和N6-22可能分别源自于大西洋、疫不加与南湖塔(或米拉)，值得深入对比研究。

Genetic relationship of 21 potato local varieties and 10 cultivars from Sichuan were analyzed by RAPD markers, to evaluate their value for genetic research and breeding, and make suggestions for combination of parents. 20 of 170 RAPD primers, polymorphic, clear and stable by screening with 8 morphologically distinct accessions, were selected. A total number of 191 loci amplified by 20 RAPD primers, 172 loci were polymorphic. The average ratio of polymorphic loci was 90.1% and the average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.822; the average PIC of cultivars and local varieties were 0.823 and 0.814, respectively. Genetic distances and cluster analysis showed that: the average distance among 31 accessions was 0.4274; varying from 0.1481 ~ 0.5852; the average and range of genetic distance among local varieties were higher than cultivars; there was an average distance of 0.4496 between local varieties and cultivars. It is suggested that local varieties have more genetic variation, and are valuable for breeding. Unexpectedly, most local varieties were clustered into one group, and separated with cultivars. Those local varieties might have no direct relationship with cultivars tested, and be higher potential for crossbreeding. N5-33, N5-38 and N6-22 seem to be derived from Atlantic, Epoka and Nowa Huta (or Mira) respectively; they are worthful for further comparatively study.