【目的】比较分析高低抗性淀粉含量水稻品种（系）间淀粉主要特性差异。【方法】利用上海农业科学院最新培育的抗性淀粉含量有极显著差异的粳稻品种（系）“降糖稻1号”和 “金丰”，比较分析了支链淀粉链长分布和稻米RVA谱特征值及淀粉分子结构差异。【结果】结果表明，降糖稻1号短链部分所占相对比率明显低于金丰，而长链部分所占相对比例，明显高于金丰；降糖稻1号的最高黏度值，热浆黏度值，崩解值显著或极显著低于金丰，而消减值极显著高于金丰；淀粉颗粒热稳定性也较金丰高；降糖稻1号淀粉晶体主要为B型晶体和B、V混合晶型，而金丰淀粉主要为A型晶体和A、V混合晶型。【结论】高低抗性淀粉含量水稻品种（系）间支链淀粉的链长分布、直链淀粉含量、稻米RVA谱特性值和淀粉晶体结构有很大的差异，在育种实践中可作为育种选择指标之一。

【Objective】Compared the starch properties between two japonica rice with significant diffrences in resistant starch. 【Method】Using japonica rice lines，jiangtangdao 1 which cultivated by Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences and jinfeng, with significant diffrences in resistant starch content, Compared the amylopectin chain length distribution, characters of RVA properties and differences in the molecular structure between them. 【Result】For the jiangtangdao 1 starch, short-chain portion was significantly lower than the relative rate of Jinfeng, while the relative proportions of long-chain portion was significantly higher; the peak viscosity、 hot paste viscosity and breakdown viscosity,was significantly or very significantly lower, but the setback viscosity was significantly higher than Jinfeng; jiangtaodao 1 starch is more thermostable and the crystals type is primarily for B-type crystals or B, V mixed crystal, while the Jinfeng starch is mainly A-type crystals and A, V mixed crystal.【Conclusion】The amylopectin chain length distribution, characters of RVA properties, amylose content and molecular structure of starch shows significant diffrences between high and low resistant starch content strains.Therefore,it could be used as a breeding index.