[摘要]目的：研究药用白芍的传粉特性，为药用白芍的资源保护和优良品种选育提供科学依据。方法：采取11种不同的处理方式，比较不同授粉方式的结实率和结实质量。结果：芍药的自然结实率低；芍药的异株异花传粉可提高芍药的结实率达3倍，自然生长的花人工给予授粉结实率可提高近4倍；芍药的同株自花直接套袋、同株自花人工授粉和同株异花人工授粉的结实率均不高，分别为0.17%、0.84%、1.16%；去雄和去花冠处理结果表明芍药以异花传粉为主，同时花冠在传粉结实中也起到一定的作用。结论：芍药具有微弱的自交性，芍药以异株异花授粉为主；异株异花授粉，可提高芍药的结实率；同时对芍药的结实率低的原因给以初步分析整理。

[Abstract] Objective：To provide a scientific basis for the protection of medicinal peony resources and good breeding by studying the pollination characteristic of Chinese Medicine “Radix Paeoniae Alba. Method:To compare different ways to deal with the average fructication rate and seed quality by 11 different pollination methods.Result:Peony is kind of cross-pollination with weak capability of selfing; Paeonia of cross-pollination coming from different plants can increase the peony fructication rate of 3 times,the natural growth of flowers given to pollinate fructication rate can increase nearly 4 times; The average fruction rate of no-pollination is 0.17%, the average fruction rate of cross pollination in one flower is 0.84%,andThe average fruction rate of cross pollination in one plant is 1.16%; Emasculation and Corolla to deal with the results of peony show to the main cross-pollination, at the same time in the Corolla pollination also play a strong role.Conclusion: Peony is kind of cross-pollination with weak capability of selfing,but no apomixes was found; Paeonia of cross-pollination coming from different plants can increase the peony fructication rate; At the same time, the reasons of Peony low rate give a preliminary analysis.