病虫害作为自然灾害系统中最大的部门灾害，严重影响了我国林业及农业的可持续发展，造成严重的经济损失。高光谱遥感技术克服了传统监测方法的不足，已经在林业及农作物病虫害监测中得到广泛应用，具有十分广阔的应用前景，但应用该技术在经济林果病虫害监测的研究在国内外少见报道。板栗作为国家粮食中长期战略储备物资及近年来发展最快的经济林果之一，病虫灾害制约其产量与品质。本文首次提出利用高光谱遥感技术监测板栗病虫害，通过分析其现实意义及深入探讨其可行性，为实现“精准农业”提供现实依据，拓宽了遥感应用的思路。

As one of the most serious disasters among the natural disaster system, forest pest and agricultural disaster occurs in large scales, which will hold back the sustainable development of forest and agriculture in China. Hyper spectral remote sensing used for forest pest and agricultural disaster overcomes the shortcomings in traditional methods and it has broad application prospects. But the application of the technology in the economic fruit pests monitoring prediction has not been reported at home and abroad. Chestnut as a national long-term strategic reserve of food supplies is one of the fastest growing economies fruit. Plant diseases and pests constraint on chestnut yield and quality. The satisfactory statistical results prove that estimating chestnut pests with hyper spectral remote sensing data is feasible．It provides a realistic basis for the realization of “precision agriculture”. The proposition and research is an important search and of important theoretical and practical significance to remote sensing exploration．