利用全球卫星定位系统（GPS）准确定位，在豫北平原进行网格取样（20km×20km），同时进行农业生产状况和农民施肥习惯调查。土壤样品分析结果表明：豫北平原土壤养分状况整体处于中等水平，土壤有机质、土壤速效磷均处于中高水平，而土壤碱解氮和土壤速效钾处于中低水平。与第二次土壤普查结果相比土壤养分含量有明显变化，土壤有机质、土壤速效磷含量显著提高，而土壤碱解氮、土壤速效钾含量下降。施肥调查表明：90%以上农户采用秸秆还田，重视施用氮、磷肥，而忽视施钾肥，存在所施肥料养分单一、养分配比、施肥方式不合理等问题。豫北平原应重视有机肥施用、推广秸秆还田，注意减少磷肥用量、注重补施钾肥，采用复合和缓/控释氮肥及合理的施氮技术。政府和农业科技部门应重视宣传和加大平衡施肥技术的推广。

Utilizing GPS to make an orientation accurately, soil sampling was carried out by the reseau way (20 km×20km) in the north plain of Henan province, Meanwhile, also was investigation of agricultural production condition and peasant fertilization practice. Soil sample assay results showed that: the soil nutrient was middling level in general. Compared with results of the second soil overall survey, the content of soil nutrient has changed obviously. The soil organic matter and Avail P content are improved notably, while the soil Avail N and Avail K content are decreased. The investigation results revealed: more than 90 percent peasant households adopt straws to return the field, and pay attention to apply chemical fertilizers, especially the nitrogenous and phosphorus fertilizers, but ignore the potassium fertilizers. There exist some problems, such as fertilizer nutrient single, the nutrient proportion no-scientific and the way of fertilization unreasonable. Some scientific and reasonable measures should be carried out: using more organic manure, popularizing straw to soil, reducing phosphorus fertilizer application rates, supplying potassium fertilizers, using compound and slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizers. Government and agricultural science and technology department should pay more attention to propagandize and carry out technique of balanced fertilizers application.