植物利用二氧化碳，通过光合作用产生的木质纤维是地球上最丰富、最廉价而又可再生的资源，木质纤维主要成分是纤维素和半纤维素，纤维素和半纤维素的利用一直是研究热点课题。而纤维素酶能有效地将农作物秸杆等富含纤维素的物质水解为葡萄糖，最终经过发酵产生生物酒精。由于天然纤维素是最丰富的资源，因此高效低价的纤维素酶对于最终解决人类文明发展的能源与环境问题具有化时代的意义，有广阔的发展前景。目前，纤维素酶的生产主要是采用微生物发酵的方法，以丝状真菌为主，产酶效果最好的真菌是里氏木霉。在此，简述了纤维素酶的组成、降解机理及所用菌株等方面的研究进展。
Abstract
Lignocelluloses are the most abundant and cheapest sources of carbohydrate, continually replenished by photosynthetic reduction of carbon dioxide with solar energy. It is composed by cellulose and hemicellulose. To date, how to make use of this resource is a hot topic in research. Cellulose enzymes can effectively hydrolyze cellulose to glucose in maize straw, which can produce ethanol for the energy after fermentation. It is important to produce the effective and costless cellulase for the energy and the environment due to the cellulose abundance and immense potential. In this paper, component of cellulose and the principle of hydrolysis and the strain for industry are illuminated.
关键词
作物秸杆；纤维素酶；里氏木霉
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Key words
Maize straw;Cellulose;Trichoderma reesei
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参考文献
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脚注
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