干旱问题是制约农业发展的主要逆境因素之一。发展节水农业是农业现代化的必然趋势，是解决农业水资源短缺，保证农业可持续发展的根本出路。而水肥耦合研究一直是节水技术研究的一个重要方面。概述了国内外水肥耦合研究的现状，从水肥耦合作用的机理和效应两方面来阐述，包括水分对植物养分转化、吸收及代谢的影响、养分对植物水分利用的影响、生物学效应、生态学效应和对生理指标的影响。并指出今后水肥耦合研究应该加强施肥对农产品品质和生态环境的影响的研究，同时注重构建通用性的水肥耦合模型。

Drought is the main factor restricting agriculture production. Development on water-saving agriculture is a necessary trend and is an ultimate measure for resolving agricultural water resource scarcity and ensuring agricultural persistence development. The study on coupling effect of water and fertilizer is an important part. This paper summarizes the status of study on coupling effect of water and fertilizer and introduces the mechanism and the effect mainly, including the effect of water apply to conversion, assimilation, metabolism of plant nutrition; the effect of nutrition apply to water utilization; biological effect; the effect of ecology; the physiological index of plant. Furthermore, it proposes the study fields needed to be strengthened in the future: the impacts of fertilization on the quality of agricultural products and ecological environment and the development of more universal models of water and fertilizer coupling.