中国南部丘陵山区包括有19个省市区总面积约310万km2，耕地约0.34亿hm2，人口4亿多。这里资源丰富，但灾害频繁，生产潜力大。存在问题主要是科技投入少，基础建设投入不足，农民文化素质差，直接为丘陵山区服务的科研成果不多。该地区农业生产发展目标主要是：以市场为导向，以科学化化为中心，在确保粮食增产和安全的前提下，发展多种多样的、效益好、品质优的特色农牧业产业带，保证农牧民增产增收，并不断向品牌化、标准化、精品化和持续化方向发展。今后，首先要坚持把弘扬“科学文化”作为“农业科技入户示范工程”的主旋律，科学技术首先是一种文化，它将促进农牧民从科学世界观高度认识生产。因此，它是丘陵山区发展的先导。其次，要坚持拓展和丰富该地区物质性与社会性并重的农村基础工程建设。此外，还应对该地区的农田保护与“三农”关系，以及立体农业、庭院经济等问题拓展思路，丰富其内涵。

Chinese south hill and mountain areas cover 3.1 million square kilometres across 19 provinces (municipalities or autonomous regions) with about 400 million population. These areas have rich resources and great potential in agricultural production. At present, the investment on science and technology and basic infrastructure is short; farmers’ education level is low; research results applied for hill and mountain areas directly are few.The primary agricultural development objectives are as follows: to uphold market oriented, to take the culture of science as the key of development, to ensure security and increase of grain production, to develop special agricultural and animal farming zone with diversity, high efficiency and fine quality, to guarantee farmers’ increase of both production and income, and to continue to promote brand, standardisation, quality and sustainable production of agricultural and animal farming industries in these areas.First, being as a key subject, the application of the culture of science must be included into the demonstration project of extending agricultural science and technology into each household. The culture of science will enhance the mode of thinking and behaviour as well as view over the basis of scientific outlook for farmers. Therefore, the culture of science is the precursor of the development of hill and mountain areas.Second, to pay equal attention to materials and social basic infrastructure project. In addition, should pay great attention to protection of cultivated land and put cultivated land on an equal importance with rural, agriculture and farmers as a whole.