焚烧农作物秸秆既是农业资源极大浪费,又严重破坏生态环境。机械化还田是秸秆综合利用的重要途径,具有良好的生态效益和部分经济效益。在我国江苏等地,政府近年来对机械化还田给予定额补贴。本文通过分析秸秆还田补贴政策的不同方式,对比借鉴国外政府购买生态服务(PES)的经验,从大力发展农机服务市场、科学制定生态补偿标准、重视培育第三方组织、充分发挥市场机制作用等方面,提出对农作物秸秆还田补贴政策进行优化。
Abstract
Crop residues burnt in open field is not only a waste of agricultural resources, but also a serious damage to the ecological environment. Mechanized straw returning is an important way for comprehensive utilization of straw, with good ecological and economic benefits. In our country, Jiangsu province and other places, the government has given fixed subsidies to mechanized straw returning in recent years. Through analyzing the different ways of the subsidy policy of returning straw to farmland, comparing the foreign government"s experience of payments for ecological service (PES), Straw subsidy policy can be optimized from the following aspects:Vigorously develop agricultural machinery service market, Scientifically formulating ecological compensation standard, paying attention to cultivating third-party organization and giving full play to the role of market mechanism.
关键词
生态服务;秸秆还田;补贴
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Key words
Ecological service; straw returning; subsidy
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