采用大田裂区试验设计，研究了氮密互作对烤烟主要生育时间、农艺性状和产质量的影响，探明了辽烟17适宜施氮量、密度。结果表明，氮用量一定时，随密度增加，脚叶、顶叶成熟期均呈向后推迟的趋势，且大田生育期逐渐延长。不同处理对叶面积影响较大，相同氮用量下（除中氮组），下部叶面积随密度的增加先升高后降低。相同施氮量下，随密度增加，产量、均价、产值、中上等烟比例均呈降低趋势；密度一定时，施氮量增加，产量逐渐升高，均价逐渐降低。综合分析，氮肥效应较大，密度次之，互作效应较小；氮肥用量在60.0~75.0kg/hm2，密度在15000~17250株/hm2时，充分发挥氮密互作效应，有利于烤烟生长发育，产质、量总体表现较好。
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted using split-plot experiment design i.e. three regimes of planting density as main plots and nitrogen rate as sub-plots to investigate the effects of interaction between nitrogen application rate and planting density on main growth time, agronomic characters, grain yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco to determine the optimum nitrogen application rate and planting density of ‘Liaoyan 17’. The results showed that both lower and upper leaf mature stage were put off under same nitrogen rate, with density increasing. In addition, the effects of different treatments on leaf area were larger, and under seam nitrogen rate conditions (exception to middle nitrogen group), lower leaf area increased first, and decreased later with density increasing. Under seam nitrogen rate conditions, yield, average price, output value, percentage of superior and medium tobacco decreased gradually, when density increased; with nitrogen rate increasing, yield increased, but average price declined gradually under same density conditions. On the consideration of comprehensive analysis, the responses from the nitrogen were greater than those from density and their interaction, and the appropriate density and nitrogen rate for ‘Liaoyan 17’ were 15000-17250 plants/hm2 and 60.0-75.0 kg/hm2 respectively, which can improve growth and development resulting in better yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco based on the interaction between density and nitrogen rate.
关键词
烤烟;密度;氮肥;生长;产、质量
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Key words
flue-cured tobacco; density; nitrogen; growth; yield and quality.
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