苹果种质资源火疫病抗性鉴定评价与筛选

王大江,高源,张玉刚,张校立,孙思邈,路翔,郭绍霞,Khurshid S.Turakulov,李连文,王昆

植物遗传资源学报. 2022, 23(6): 1682-1695

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植物遗传资源学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (6) : 1682-1695. DOI: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20220629002
论文

苹果种质资源火疫病抗性鉴定评价与筛选

  • 王大江1, 高源1, 张玉刚2, 张校立3, 孙思邈1, 路翔1,4, 郭绍霞2, Khurshid S.Turakulov5, 李连文1, 王昆1
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Evaluation and Screening of Malus Germplasm Resources with Fire Blight Resistance

  • WANG Da-jiang1, GAO Yuan1, ZHANG Yu-gang2, ZHANG Xiao-li3, SUN Si-miao1, LU Xiang1,4, GUO Shao-xia2, Khurshid S.Turakulov5, Li Lian-wen1, WANG Kun1
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History +

摘要

以488份苹果种质资源为试材，利用嫩叶和嫩枝离体接种方法鉴定评价苹果属栽培品种、野生资源和古老栽培资源火疫病抗性。结果表明，嫩叶和嫩枝接种结果存在较大差异，嫩枝接种的抗性资源明显多于嫩叶接种。不同种、不同来源、不同系谱的苹果资源火疫病抗性均存在较大差异。嫩叶接种显示栽培苹果种和野生资源的抗病资源比例均高于古老栽培种；旭系和金冠系抗性资源比例较高；不同来源的189份塞威士苹果评价结果显示，抗性资源主要来自乌兹别克斯坦和新疆新源县。嫩枝接种显示栽培种的抗性表现与嫩叶接种相似；塞威士苹果则存在差异，来自乌兹别克斯坦和新疆巩留的抗性类型比例较高。嫩叶和嫩枝接种结果一致的187份资源分析，发现栽培苹果种抗性资源比例较高；旭系品种的抗性较强；抗病的塞威士苹果主要来自乌兹别克斯坦和新源。筛选高抗资源8份，栽培苹果品种6份和塞威士苹果2份，6份栽培苹果品种可作为鲜食种质创制和品种选育亲本，2份塞威士苹果既可作为鲜食也可用作砧木品种选育的基础材料。

Abstract

488 Malus germplasm resources, including cultivates, wild species, ancient cultivates and ornamental crabapple cultivar, were evaluated for fire blight resistance by in vitro inoculating young leaves and shoots. A difference on resistance revealed by two inoculation methods (leaves vs. shoots) was observed, and a higher proportion of germplasms showing resistance were detected by inoculating the young shoots. The germplasm of different species, origins and pedigrees represented significant different on disease resistance. The results of young leaves inoculation showed that the proportion of resistant resources in cultivates and wild species was higher than that in ancient cultivates. The proportion of resistant resources of McIntosh strains and Golden Delicious strains was higher than that of other strains. By analyzing the passport information of 189 Malus sieversii resources, these resources showing resistant were mainly from Uzbekistan and Xinyuan County of Xinjiang autonomous region, China. The young shoots inoculation revealed a similar pattern with young leaves inoculation except for Malus sieversii, which had higher proportion of resistant resources from Uzbekistan and Gongliu County of Xinjiang autonomous region, China. There were 187 Malus germplasm resource showing consistent results revealed by both inoculation methods, of which the McIntosh strains showed strong resistance, and majority of the Malus sieversii resources showing resistant were collected from Uzbekistan and Xinyuan County of Xinjiang autonomous region, China. The eight Malus germplasm resources were observed with high ressitance against fire blight, including six cultivates that could be used as the parents for germplasm innovation and cultivar breeding, as well s two Malus sieversii resources that could be used as basic materials for cultivar and rootstocks breeding.

关键词

苹果资源；火疫病；离体；接种；评价；筛选

Key words

Malus germplasm；fire blight；in vitro；inoculation；evaluation；screening

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王大江,高源,张玉刚,张校立,孙思邈,路翔,郭绍霞,Khurshid S.Turakulov,李连文,王昆. 苹果种质资源火疫病抗性鉴定评价与筛选. 植物遗传资源学报. 2022, 23(6): 1682-1695 https://doi.org/10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20220629002
WANG Da-jiang,GAO Yuan,ZHANG Yu-gang,ZHANG Xiao-li,SUN Si-miao,LU Xiang,GUO Shao-xia,Khurshid S.Turakulov,Li Lian-wen and WANG Kun. Evaluation and Screening of Malus Germplasm Resources with Fire Blight Resistance. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources. 2022, 23(6): 1682-1695 https://doi.org/10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20220629002

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