宁夏陕西野生苦味枸杞调查及其化学成分分析

袁海静,袁汉民,彭健,印敏,陈雨,赵兴增,刘兰英,何进尚,董立国,张维军,王相云,王毅,刘杨,刘杨

植物遗传资源学报. 2022, 23(5): 1400-1413

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植物遗传资源学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5) : 1400-1413. DOI: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20220620002
论文

宁夏陕西野生苦味枸杞调查及其化学成分分析

  • 袁海静1, 袁汉民2, 彭健3, 印敏3, 陈雨3, 赵兴增3, 刘兰英1, 何进尚4, 董立国5, 张维军4, 王相云3, 王毅6, 刘杨7, 刘杨1,2,3,4,5,6,7
作者信息 +

Survey of Wild Bitter Wolfberry Germplasm in Ningxia Autonomous Region and Shaanxi Province, China and Analysis of the Chemical Constituents

  • YUAN Han-jin1, YUAN Hanmin2, PENG Jian3, YIN Min3, CHEN Yu3, ZHAO Xingzeng3, LIU Lanying1, HE Jinshang4, DONG Liguo5, ZHANG Weijun4, WANG Xiangyun3, WANG Yi6, LIU Yang7
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摘要

为了探索宁夏及陕西省野生枸杞种质资源的系统发育、遗传进化、成熟鲜果苦味、甜味演变规律，以及野生苦味枸杞苦味物质，系统调查、SLAF测序技术、超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间高分辨质谱联用仪、紫外线波长鉴定法等方法被应用于本项研究。结果发现，从陕西省岐山县、扶风县到宁夏南部山区、引黄灌区、贺兰山东麓，野生枸杞成熟鲜果出现了由全苦、半苦、甜后苦（或甜后麻苦）、甜、甜后稍苦、全苦的大致变化趋势。聚类分析结果表明，宁夏及陕西40份野生枸杞资源可以划分为5大类，类群Ⅰ、类群Ⅱ、类群Ⅲ、类群Ⅳ均为野生苦味枸杞在分子水平的不同类型，类群Ⅴ为众多的从苦味到甜味的过渡类型野生种质,显示出了野生苦味枸杞的遗传多样性；发现在栽培甜枸杞宁杞7号、宁夏海源县野生苦枸杞、宁夏西吉县野生苦枸杞、陕西省岐山县野生苦枸杞四种枸杞成熟鲜果样品在液质总离子流图的30min-50min区域中,宁杞7号缺少三种野生苦味枸杞共同具有的波谱区段，经化学成分解析，其主要为甾体生物碱类，即澳洲茄碱和5,6-二氢澳洲茄碱。据此，野生苦味枸杞的苦味成分可能与甾体生物碱类成分如澳洲茄碱、5,6-二氢澳洲茄碱密切相关。本研究结果为深入研究、利用野生苦味枸杞种质资源，培育医药专用枸杞品种提供了理论基础。

Abstract

In order to disclose the phylogeny and genetic diversity of wild wolfberry germplasm resources in Ningxia and Shaanxi Province, as well as the mechanism on taste of mature fresh fruits (i.e., bitter and sweet), the substances of wild bitter Lycium, several methods including systematic investigation, SLAF sequencing technology, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometry (uplc-q / TOF-MS) and ultraviolet wavelength identification were used in this study. The results showed that from Qishan County and Fufeng County in Shaanxi Province to the mountainous area in Southern Ningxia, the Yellow River Ningxia Basin and the eastern foot of Helan, the mature fresh fruits showed a general trend from bitter to half bitter, bitter after sweet (or hemp bitter after sweet), sweet, slightly bitter after sweet and whole bitter then. The phylogenetic tree analysis revealed five groups, consisting of Group I, group II, group III and group IV that were different types of wild bitter wolfberry. Group V was a large number of wild germplasm with a mixture of germplasm showing bitter to sweet taste. There is a genetic diversity in the wild bitter wolfberry ceollection. By analyzing the liquid total ion flow diagram from the four samples (Ningxia sweet wolfberry cultivar ‘Ningqi 7’, ‘Haiyuan wild bitter wolfberry’, ‘Xiji wild bitter wolfberry’ and ‘Shaanxi Qishan wild bitter wolfberry’), we observed an absent signal in the 30-50min region in ‘Ningqi 7’ if compared to other samples. These chemical components mainly were steroidal alkaloids, namely Solanine, and 5,6-dihydrosolanine, which might be causal agents resulting in bitter taste in wild bitter wolfberry. Collectively, these results of this study provided a theoretical basis for in-depth study and utilization of wild bitter wolfberry germplasm and new cultivar breeding for medicine.

关键词

野生苦味枸杞；化学成分；UPLC-Q/TOF-MS；遗传进化树；澳洲茄碱

Key words

Bitter taste wild wolfberry / Chemical compounds / UPLC-Q/TOF-MS / Genetic evolutionary tree / Solasonine

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袁海静,袁汉民,彭健,印敏,陈雨,赵兴增,刘兰英,何进尚,董立国,张维军,王相云,王毅,刘杨,刘杨 宁夏陕西野生苦味枸杞调查及其化学成分分析. 植物遗传资源学报. 2022, 23(5): 1400-1413 https://doi.org/10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20220620002
YUAN Han-jin,YUAN Hanmin,PENG Jian,YIN Min,CHEN Yu,ZHAO Xingzeng,LIU Lanying,HE Jinshang,DONG Liguo,ZHANG Weijun,WANG Xiangyun,WANG Yi,LIU Yang and. Survey of Wild Bitter Wolfberry Germplasm in Ningxia Autonomous Region and Shaanxi Province, China and Analysis of the Chemical Constituents. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources. 2022, 23(5): 1400-1413 https://doi.org/10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20220620002

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