河北省芝麻地方品种资源表型多样性分析

崔彦芹,郭元章,蹇家利,关中波,侯少锋,徐桂真

植物遗传资源学报. 2020, 21(1): 224-233

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植物遗传资源学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (1) : 224-233. DOI: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20191107003
论文

河北省芝麻地方品种资源表型多样性分析

  • 崔彦芹, 郭元章, 蹇家利, 关中波, 侯少锋, 徐桂真
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Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of Sesame GermplasmResources in Hebei Province

  • CUI Yan-qin, GUO Yuan-zhang, JIAN Jia-li, GUAN Zhong-bo, HOU Shao-feng, XU Gui-Zhen
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摘要

为有效利用河北省芝麻种质资源，丰富芝麻育种的物质基础，以河北省种质库保存及收集的 300 份芝麻种质资源 为试验材料，2016-2018 年连续 3 年对 31 个表型性状进行调查记载，利用相关系数、聚类分析和主成分分析等统计方法，研究 了 300 份芝麻种质资源的遗传多样性。结果表明：22 个质量性状的遗传多样性指数为 1.0986~5.6941，表明 300 份种质资源 存在丰富的遗传变异；9 个数量性状的相关分析中，单株产量与株高、每蒴粒数、单株蒴数、千粒重呈极显著正相关，和空稍尖 长呈显著负相关。变异系数为 7.36%~34.71%，其中单株产量、单株蒴数、空稍尖长的变异系数较大，说明该性状的遗传多样性 较为丰富，株高、蒴果长度、千粒重等性状变异系数较小，说明这些性状一致性较强，变异范围不大。聚类分析将其分为 6 个类 群，第Ⅰ类群始蒴高度较低，第Ⅱ类群单株产量最高，第Ⅲ类群蒴果长度最长，第Ⅳ类群株高、主茎果轴长、千粒重均为最高，第 Ⅴ类群综合性状表现较差，第Ⅵ类群每蒴粒数最多；主成分分析结果显示，6 个主成分因子累计贡献率为 89.285%。300 份芝 麻种质资源的遗传多样性丰富，从中筛选出一些具有优良综合性状和特异性状的种质资源，可作为亲本材料在育种过程中加 以利用。

Abstract

In order to utilize the sesame germplasm resources of Hebei Province and enhance the genetic basis of sesame breeding，thirty-one phenotypic traits of 300 accessions，which were preserved and collected in the germplasm bank of Hebei Province，were investigated from 2016 to 2018. The correlation coefficient，cluster analysis and principal component analysis were conducted. The genetic diversity index of 22 quality characters arranged from 1.0986 to 5.6941，implying an abundant genetic diversity of 300 germplasm resources. The yield per plant was found to be positively correlated with the plant height，the number of grains，the number of turns per plant and the 1000-grain weight，while a significant negative correlation with the length of the apex was detected. The coefficient of variation range from 7.36% to 34.71%. The variation coefficient of single plant yield，single plant number and empty tip length were variable，while the variation coefficient of plant height，capsule length and 1000-grain weight was small. Cluster analysis suggested six subgroups in 300 sesame germplasm resources. For instance，the first group had a low initial height，the second group had the highest yield，the third group had the longest length，the fourth group had the highest plant height，the main stem and fruit axis，and the 1000-grain weight. For the highest，the comprehensive traits of group V were poor，and the number of grains per group was the highest. The principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the six principal component factors was 89.285%. Taken together，this study revealed an abundant phenotypic diversity of 300 sesame germplasm resources. The identified elite germplasm resources might become useful in future breeding for modern varieties.

关键词

芝麻 / 种质资源 / 表型性状 / 遗传多样性

Key words

sesame；germplasm resources；phenotypic traits；genetic diversity

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崔彦芹,郭元章,蹇家利,关中波,侯少锋,徐桂真. 河北省芝麻地方品种资源表型多样性分析. 植物遗传资源学报. 2020, 21(1): 224-233 https://doi.org/10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20191107003
CUI Yan-qin,GUO Yuan-zhang,JIAN Jia-li,GUAN Zhong-bo,HOU Shao-feng and XU Gui-Zhen. Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of Sesame GermplasmResources in Hebei Province. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources. 2020, 21(1): 224-233 https://doi.org/10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20191107003

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