
The control effect and mechanism of Bacillus velezensis EBV02 on cotton Verticillium wilt
Bai Hongyan,Zhao Lihong,Pu Dandan,Feng Zili,Wei Feng,Feng Hongjie,Gu Aixing,Zhu Heqin,Peng Jun,Zhang Yalin
The control effect and mechanism of Bacillus velezensis EBV02 on cotton Verticillium wilt
[Objective] The purpose of this study was to screen and identify a strain of highly efficient biocontrol bacteria against cotton Verticillium wilt, and to clarify its control mechanism, so as to provide technical support for the disease control. [Method] An endophytic bacterial strain EBV02 against Verticillium dahliae was screened in our laboratory, the species were identified by morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics and molecular biological analysis, and its control effect on cotton Verticillium wilt was determined by the indoor bacteriostatic test, greenhouse test, field test, and induced resistance test. The control mechanism of EBV02 was analyzed by measuring the burst of reactive oxygen species, accumulation of callose, and expression of defense-related genes in cotton leaves. [Result] EBV02 was identified as the Bacillus velezensis through morphological observation and molecular biological analysis. The results of confrontation culture and plate-to-plate culture showed that the inhibition rates of EBV02 on mycelium growth of V. dahliae Vd080 were 63.27% and 59.83%, respectively. The inhibition rates of EBV02 on Vd080 sporulation and microsclerotia germination were 31.90% and 45.95%, respectively. In the greenhouse experiment, the highest control effect of EBV02 on cotton Verticillium wilt was 68.33%, and could significantly promote the growth of cotton seedlings. In the field experiment, the control effect of EBV02 fermentation broth spraying on cotton Verticillium wilt was 37.25%. In addition, seed cotton yield and lint yield with EBV02 treatment by seed soaking, root irrigation and spraying of fermentation broth were significantly increased by 8.34% and 8.26%, 3.38% and 5.60%, 7.04% and 7.06%, respectively. In the induced resistance test, EBV02 induced the burst of reactive oxygen species and the accumulation of callose in cotton leaves. The results of gene expression showed that EBV02 induced upregulation of defense-related genes such as POD, PPO, PAL, PR10, and JAR1 in cotton leaves, which enhanced the resistance of cotton to V. dahliae. [Conclusion] EBV02 has a good biocontrol potential of inhibiting the growth of V. dahliae, activating the systemic disease resistance, enhancing the cotton resistance to Verticillium wilt, and increasing the yield in cotton.
cotton Verticillium wilt / Bacillus velezensis / induced systemic resistance / defense genes / endophytic bacteria {{custom_keyword}} /
Table 1 Specific primer sequences of defense-related genes表1 防御相关基因的特异性引物 |
基因名 Gene name | 引物序列 Primer sequence | |
---|---|---|
POD | F: CCGCATAACCATCACAAG | R: ACTCTCATCACCTTCAACA |
PPO | F: ATATCCTTGTTCTGTCTGCTA | R: CTCCTTCTACCGTCTCTTC |
PAL | F: TGGTGGCTGAGTTTAGGAAA | R: TGAGTGAGGCAATGTGTGA |
PR10 | F: ATGATTGAAGGTCGGCCTTTAGGG | R: CAGCTGCCACAAACTGGTTCTCAT |
JAR1 | F: ATGAGGATGTTGGAGAAGAT | R: TCAGTTGAAAGCAGTACTAAAGT |
ubiquitin | F: GAGTCTTCGGACACCATTG | R: CTTGACCTTCTTCTTCTTGTGC |
Fig. 2 Inhibitory effect of the strain EBV02 on the hyphae of V. dahliae after 10 d of cultureA: blank control of confrontation culture; B: confrontation culture of EBV02; C: blank control of encounter culture; D: encounter culture of EBV02.图2 培养10 d后EBV02对大丽轮枝菌菌丝的抑制作用 A:对峙培养空白对照;B:EBV02对峙培养;C:对扣培养空白对照;D:EBV02对扣培养。 |
Fig. 4 Comparisons of sclerotium germination rates at 20 h of dark cultureA, B, C represent cultured with stock solution, 1/2-dilution, 1/4-dilution of EBV02 sterile filtrate, respectively; D: LB medium (control). Different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).图4 暗培养20 h微菌核萌发率比较 A、B、C分别为与EBV02培养液原液、1/2稀释液、1/4稀释液混合培养;D:LB培养基(对照)。字母不同表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
Table 2 Comparisons of germination rates and shoot length between seed soaking treatments表2 浸种处理棉种萌发率和芽长比较 |
处理 Treatment | 萌发率 Germination rate/% | 芽长 Shoot length/cm |
---|---|---|
EBV02培养液原液 Stock solution of EBV02 culture medium | 84.67±0.12 a | 1.66±0.15 a |
EBV02培养液1/2稀释液 1/2-dilution of EBV02 culture medium | 84.67±0.16 a | 1.63±0.11 a |
EBV02培养液1/4稀释液 1/4-dilution of EBV02 culture medium | 86.00±0.18 a | 1.78±0.23 a |
对照Control | 82.00±0.11 a | 1.53±0.09 a |
注:数据为平均值±标准差;同列数据后字母相同表示差异不显著性(P≥0.05). | |
Note: Data are means ± standard deviation; the same letter after the data in the same column indicate no significant differences (P≥0.05). |
Table 3 Control effect of EBV02 on cotton Verticillium wilt at 15 d after inoculation with V. dahliae in a greenhouse表3 接种大丽轮枝菌15 d后EBV02对棉花黄萎病的温室防治效果 |
处理 Treatment | 发病率 Disease incidence/% | 病情指数 Disease index | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% |
---|---|---|---|
EBV02浸种Seed soaking with EBV02 | 10.42±0.23* | 10.93±2.41* | 68.33±6.98 |
浸种对照Seed soaking control | 31.95±0.28 | 34.51±4.71 | |
EBV02灌根Root irrigation with EBV02 | 12.50±0.16* | 12.62±6.78* | 57.62±2.75 |
灌根对照Root irrigation control | 16.66±0.20 | 29.78±2.31 |
注:数据为平均值±标准差,空白表示无此项;*表示处理与对照差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Data are means ± standard deviation; blank indicates no such item. * indicates significant difference between the treatment and the control (P < 0.05). |
Table 4 Comparison of cotton growth indexes of different treatments at 25 d after seedling emergence表4 出苗后25 d不同处理棉花生长指标的比较 |
处理 Treatment | 主根长 Main root length/cm | 株高 Plant height/cm | 地上部鲜物质质量 Fresh mass of aerial tissue/g | 总鲜物质质量 Total fresh mass/g |
---|---|---|---|---|
EBV02浸种 Seed soaking with EBV02 | 9.20±0.60* | 22.63±0.32* | 1.56±0.05* | 1.69±0.03* |
浸种对照 Seed soaking control | 5.67±0.25 | 12.73±0.37 | 0.75±0.01 | 0.83±0.01 |
EBV02灌根 Root irrigation with EBV02 | 7.20±0.16* | 13.40±0.24* | 1.34±0.02* | 1.46±0.01* |
灌根对照 Root irrigation control | 5.60±0.27 | 10.00±0.37 | 0.81±0.01 | 0.88±0.01 |
注:数据为平均值±标准差;*表示处理与对照差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Data are means ± standard deviation; * indicates significant difference between the treatment and the control (P < 0.05). |
Table 5 Field control effect of the strain EBV02 on cotton Verticillium wilt at 60 d after sowing表5 棉花播种后60 d EBV02对棉花黄萎病的大田防治效果 |
处理 Treatment | 发病率 Disease incidence/% | 病情指数 Disease index | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% |
---|---|---|---|
EBV02浸种 Seed soaking with EBV02 | 11.11±0.69* | 16.47±0.20* | 23.82±0.92 |
浸种对照 Seed soaking control | 15.28±1.39 | 21.62±0.91 | |
EBV02灌根 Root irrigation with EBV02 | 28.47±1.83* | 13.38±0.09* | 27.83±0.52 |
灌根对照 Root irrigation control | 33.34±2.08 | 18.54±2.45 | |
EBV02喷雾 Spraying with EBV02 | 29.86±1.84* | 13.66±0.29* | 37.25±1.33 |
喷雾对照 Spraying control | 50.69±1.39 | 21.77±0.15 |
注:数据为平均值±标准差,空白表示无此项;*表示处理与对照差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Data are means ± standard deviation; blank indicates no such item. * indicates significant difference between the treatment and the control (P < 0.05). |
Table 6 Comparisons of cotton emergence rates and growth indexes between seed soaking treatments表6 浸种处理棉花出苗和生长指标的比较 |
处理Treatment | 出苗率 Emergence rate/% | 主根长 Main root length/cm | 株高 Plant height/cm | 地上部鲜物质质量 Fresh mass of aerial tissue/g | 总鲜物质 质量 Total fresh mass/g |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
EBV02浸种 Seed soaking with EBV02 | 61.00±3.79* | 6.82±0.22 | 20.76±0.49 | 37.26±0.28* | 40.70±0.76* |
浸种对照 Seed soaking control | 57.33±2.91 | 6.72±0.32 | 20.13±0.47 | 34.37±0.60 | 37.80±0.71 |
注:数据为平均值±标准差;*表示处理与对照差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Data are means ± standard deviation; * indicates significant difference between the treatment and the control (P < 0.05). |
Table 7 Comparisons of cotton yield and yield-related traits between EBV02 treatment and control under field conditions表7 大田条件下不同 EBV02处理与对照棉花产量及产量相关性状的比较 |
处理 Treatment | 株高 Plant height/cm | 单株果枝数 Number of fruit branches per plant | 单株结铃数 Number of bolls per plant | 30铃籽棉质量 Seed cotton mass of 30 bolls/g | 30铃皮棉质量 Lint mass of 30 bolls/g |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
EBV02浸种 Seed soaking with EBV02 | 79.87±1.07* | 15.07±0.35 | 10.53±2.40 | 163.60±0.56* | 65.50±1.63* |
浸种对照 Seed soaking control | 71.20±4.02 | 14.07±0.29 | 9.60±0.20 | 151.00±2.05 | 60.50±1.47 |
EBV02灌根 Root irrigation with EBV02 | 83.07±1.27* | 16.00±1.31 | 13.87±1.17 | 169.33±2.05* | 65.40±1.33* |
灌根对照 Root irrigation control | 77.87±0.74 | 15.33±0.35 | 12.07±1.27 | 163.80±1.93 | 61.93±0.90 |
EBV02喷雾 Spraying with EBV02 | 73.87±0.84* | 15.80±0.35* | 13.13±0.32* | 175.30±2.17* | 67.80±0.79* |
喷雾对照 Spraying control | 70.47±0.07 | 13.87±0.18 | 9.13±0.07 | 163.77±2.88 | 63.33±1.70 |
注:数据为平均值±标准差;*表示处理与对照存在差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Note: Data are means ± standard deviation; * indicates significant difference between the treatment and the control (P < 0.05). |
Fig. 9 The expression levels of defense-related genesA-E: the relative expression levels of POD, PPO, PAL, PR10, JAR1; control meant cotton first treated with LB medium, and then inoculated with Vd080. EBV02 meant cotton first treated with EBV02 culture solution and then inoculated with Vd080. * indicates significant difference between the treatment and the control (P<0.05).图9 防御相关基因表达量检测结果 A~E:POD、PPO、PAL、PR10、JAR1基因的相对表达量;对照为先用LB处理后接种Vd080;EBV02为先用EBV02培养液处理后接种Vd080;*表示处理与对照差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
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