Four cotton CMS (cytoplasmic male sterility) restorers with three indicator traits, okra leaf, glandless, and clustered boll, were developed to overcome the difficulties in determination of restorer gene and preservation of pure state in hybrid seed production. Three upland cotton restorers and one sea island cotton restorer were used in this research. Their yield, quality and photosynthetic physiological characteristics were measured and evaluated in cotton hybrid production at seedling, squaring, early flowering, middle flowering, boll opening, and boll harvesting stage. Compared to the three upland cotton restorers, there were the best fiber quality and the highest boll numbers per plant in the sea island cotton restorer with okra leaf indictor. Among the three upland cotton restorers, the restorer with clustered boll indicator had the highest boll weight and lint yield up to 790.32 kg·hm-2, which were related to higher net photosynthetic rate and carbohydrate contents. And, prematurity and light permeation, which resulted in better lint quality, appeared well in the restorer with okra leaf indicator. For the restorer with glandless indicator, its appearance in yield and quality was second; moreover, its seeds were free of gossypol and suitable for human consumption. The indicator traits of the four restorers were very obvious, and had a favorable use value in preservation of pure state in hybrid seed production and parent seed reproduction. Taking example for the restorer with okra leaf indicator, we were able to distinguish the hybrid plants from selfed plants according to okra leaf indicator in the hybrid seed production.
Key words
cotton
/
indicator /
CMS restorer /
hybrid seed production
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