TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY·AGRICULTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
ZHANGYongLi, ZHANGNing, XUJiao, XUDouDou, CHENGFang, ZHANGChengLong, WUBiBo, GONGYangCang, HEYunXin, WEIShangZhi, TUXiaoJu, LIUAiYu, ZHOUZhongHua
【Objective】By analyzing the effects of different strip intercropping patterns on cotton biomass accumulation and distribution, photosynthetic performance and yield, the potential mechanism of cotton yield increase and efficiency under different strip intercropping patterns was explored, so the optimum cotton strip intercropping planting pattern suitable for the Yangtze River basin was proposed. 【Method】A two-point field experiment was conducted with monocropping cotton (MC) as the control, and three intercropping patterns of cotton-sweet potato (CS), cotton-bean (CB) and cotton-melon (CM) were set up, while two strip configurations were as follows: 3:3 and 4:2. The effects of different strip intercropping patterns on biomass accumulation, organ distribution, light and performance and yield of cotton were analyzed, and the ratio of cotton to soil equivalent and economic benefit under different strip intercropping patterns were calculated and compared. 【Result】Compared with MC, The average seed cotton yield and lint cotton yield under strip intercropping patterns in two field trials were significantly increased. Among them, compared with cotton intercropping with sweet potato and cotton intercropping with melon, the cotton intercropping with bean had the most significant advantage in cotton yield. and the yield of CB 3:3 pattern seed cotton was 23.20% and 32.46% higher than MC, respectively; compared with MC, the yield of lint was increased by 26.43% and 32.53%, respectively; the main reason was that the number of bolls per plant was 26.58 and 24.43, respectively, which were significantly increased by 22.21% and 28.85% compared with that of single cropping. The boll weight of cotton intercropping with sweet potato CS 4:2 in Hengyang was 3.01% lower than MC. At full boll period, the biomass accumulation of cotton plant was higher than MC, and the proportion of reproductive organs allocation was significantly higher than that of stem and leaf, the proportion of reproductive organs in each intercropping pattern in Hengyang was more than 50%. From full squaring period to boll opening period, the leaf area index of all treatments showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Compared with MC, the relative chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of cotton plants were significantly increased under each intercropping pattern at full boll period. Among them, the cotton intercropping with beans at two field trials was the most advantageous. The net photosynthetic rate was 6.25%-6.29% and 2.85%-2.90% higher than MC, respectively, so it could effectively improve the photosynthetic performance of cotton plant and finally achieve yield increase. Under different strip intercropping patterns, the total economic benefit of cotton field in the two field trials increased by 1.24-2.70 times and 1.42-3.09 times, respectively, compared with MC. From the point of view of partial land equivalent ratio of cotton, except CS 4:2 pattern in Changsha, the other strip intercropping pattern in two field trials showed the advantage of intercropping yield. 【Conclusion】The increase of yield in different strip intercropping patterns was mainly achieved through the improvement of biomass accumulation, assimilate allocation and photosynthetic performance. The best performance was cotton intercropping with sweet potato CS 3:3 pattern, which ensured higher yield and intercropping advantages, and was suitable for spreading planting in the Yangtze River basin.