In recent years, worldwide research on fruit and vegetable quality detection technology includes machine vision, spectroscopy, acoustic vibration, tactile sensors, etc. These technologies have also been gradually applied to fruit and vegetable grading and sorting lines in recent years, greatly improving the income of farmers. There have been numerous reviews of these techniques. Most of the published research on fruit and vegetable quality detection technology is still carried out in the laboratory. The emphases have been on quality feature extraction, model establishment and experimental verification. The successful application in the fruit and vegetable sorting production line proves that these studies have high application potential and value, and we look forward to the performance of these sensing technologies in the fruit and vegetable picking field. Therefore, in this paper, based on the future highly automated fruit and vegetable picking mode, we will focus on three kinds of fruit and vegetable quality detection technologies including machine vision, tactile sensor and spectroscopy, to provide some reference for future research. Since there are currently limited cases of detecting quality during the fruit and vegetable picking, experiments performed on prototypes of manipulator, or devices such as Nanocilia sensors, portable spectrometers, etc., which are compact and convenient to mount on manipulator will be reviewed. Several tables and mosaics showing the performance of the three technologies in the detection of fruit and vegetable quality over the past five years have been listed. The performance of each sensing technology was relatively satisfactory in the laboratory in general. However, in the picking scenario, there are still many challenges to be solved. Different from industrial environments, agricultural scenarios are complex and changeable. Fragile and vulnerable agricultural products pose another challenge. The development of portable devices and nanomaterials have become important breakthroughs. Optical and tactile detection methods, as well as the integration of different quality detection methods, are expected to be the trends of research and development.

In order to realize the efficient and high-quality mechanical picking for Chinese wolfberry, firstly, the forcedreciprocating vibration picking principle of the Chinese wolfberry branch was studied, and the mechanical model of vibrationpicking was established based on the simplified cantilever model, and the response analysis and solution of all positions for thebranch were carried out. At the same time, the critical mechanical model of fruit detachment under the condition of fruithanging on branches was established, and the theoretical values of inertia force for each component of the branch wereobtained. Secondly, through actual measurement and finite element modeling, the natural frequency and forced vibrationresponse simulation for each component of the branch of Chinese wolfberry terminal branch model were both studied, and therelationship between single-point periodic excitation force and high-quality fruit shedding parameters was obtained. Thirdly,according to the conclusion of the picking model, a test bench with many groups of adjustable parameters was built. Finally, thelast branch of fruit-hanging Chinese wolf berry for Ningqi No.1 was taken as the experimental object, a four-level orthogonalexperiment was designed with three factors: frequency, amplitude and entrance angle. Meanwhile, the net picking rate, damagerate and false picking rate were taken as the evaluating indicators, referring to the comprehensive scores of the three factors. Itwas concluded that the primary and secondary relations of factors affecting the picking effect are frequency, amplitude andentrance angle, and the best operation parameters are frequency of 20 Hz, amplitude of 15 mm, and entrance angle of 45°, then,a hand-held vibration picker with setting parameters was trial-produced, and the optimal parameter combination was verified inthe Chinese wolfberry planting base of the National Chinese wolfberry Engineering and Technology Research Center. Theresults showed that the net picking rate of ripe Chinese wolfberry was 96.13%, the damage rate of fruit was 1.13%, and thefalse picking rate was 3.23%, mechanized picking efficiency was 30.28 kg/h, which is 6.65 times that of manual picking. Theexperimental results are consistent with the simulation results. The research results can provide an important basis for thecreation and operation standards of large-scale Chinese wolfberry vibration harvesting equipment.

Poultry is a light-sensitive animal and the light environment has an important influence on the growth anddevelopment of these animals. Previous studies have mainly focused on the effects of the light environment on variousphysiological indicators of poultry but seldom explored the light demand characteristics of broilers under free selection. Thisexperiment mainly studied the light demand characteristics of broilers under a yellow LED light environment and the influenceof different breeding densities [low-density (2.5 broilers/m2), high-density (7.5 broilers/m2)] on the production performance anddiet characteristics of broilers. Studies showed that the production performance indexes of low-density groups are higher thanthose of high-density groups. The feed and water consumption in the light area of the two experimental groups weresignificantly higher than those in the dark area, which means that the broilers showed a great preference for the light area.However, as the age of the broilers increased, the food and water consumption of the broilers decreased, indicating that broilershad a lower preference for light in the middle and late stages of growth. The statistical results for the residence frequencydistribution characteristics showed that broiler chickens had different light requirements at different growth stages under thecondition of active selection: 1) low-density breeding environment: 23.8L (light):0.2D (dark) for chicks and 22.3L:1.7D foradult broilers; 2) high-density breeding environment: 22.6L:1.4D for chicks and 15.0L:9.0D for adult broilers. This study willprovide a reference for the optimization and control of light environment in broiler breeding