Using the coupled and coordinated development system indicators of 31 complex systems under the three sub-systems of agricultural economy,agricultural ecology, and agricultural society in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2021 as the research content, this paper analyzed and constructed the evaluation indicators of the three sub-systems in Xinjiang , and systematically studied the level and coordination of agricultural development in Xinjiang using entropy weight method and coupled coordination degree model. During the study period,the three systems evolved along the tracks of lagging in agricultural society, to lagging in agricultural economy and lagging in agricultural environment. The coupling coordination degree of the three system developed from the initial moderate imbalance decline,through the verge of imbalance decline,barely coordination,preliminary coordination,intermediate coordination, to good coordination in 2021. The coupling coordination degree level has continuously developed from the imbalance stage to the coupling coordination stage. It was found that the lagging of agricultural ecology gradually became the main limiting factor of agricultural development in Xinjiang,and the development of agricultural society and agricultural economy was the key to the gradual improvement of the coupling coordination degree of the three systems. Therefore, protecting the ecological environment and rationally developing agricultural resources should come first in the development of agriculture in Xinjiang. Secondly,making good use of the system development advantages of agricultural society to promote rural construction firmly. Finally, vigorously promoting scientific and technological innovation,cultivating and expanding characteristic and advantageous industries to promote the development of Xinjiang agriculture.